Thermodynamics and Thermodynamic System



Thermodynamics


        Thermodynamics is the science, which deals with the relations between heat, work and those properties of substances which are connected with heat and work.

Applications Of Thermodynamics

  • In automobile engines heat energy of fuel is converted into work energy which drives the vehicles.
  • Conversion of heat into work depends on the principles of thermodynamics.
  • The working of rocket and jet engines depends on the             principles of thermodynamics.
  • Refrigeration and air conditioning is used to maintain required temperature.

Thermodynamic System

  • Thermodynamic system or simply system is a region in space containing a certain quantity of matter upon whih attention is focused for study.
  • This system may be quantity of steam, mixture of     vapour and gas or an I.C engine cylinder and its     contents.
  •   System is enclosed by a boundary. Boundary        separates the system from the surroundings.      
  • The boundary may be real or imaginary, fixed or  movable.Any thing outside the boundaries is called its surroundings


Types



                 Closed system


•   The system is called closed system if only the heat and
       work energy are transferred across the boundaries of
        the system.

•The mass content of the system remains same

Gas in the cylinder is an example of closed system




Thermodynamic systems engineeringdev



Open System

•   The system is called open system if both mass and
       energy transfer across the system boundary.

•    In the open system matter crosses the boundary of the
      system.

•    Heat and work also cross the boundary
 
•    Motor driven compressor is an example of open   
     system


                 Isolated System

1. If the boundary of the system does not allow the matter or the energy to flow into or out of the system, then it is known as isolated system.
2. An isolated system is one which completely unaffected by the surrounding.
3. It is of fixed mass and no heat or work crosses the boundary of system

4. Thermodynamic universe is the example of an isolated system


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

English grammar error spotting finding correction exercise Practise set 36

Image
English grammar error spotting correction exercises practice set 36 In the following English grammar error spotting questions, some parts of the sentences have errors and some are correct. Find out which part of a sentence has an error. The number of that part is the answer. If a sentence is free from error, your answer is No error. Question 1: When I left (1)/ the house at 9 o'clock (2)/ my son was still at home. (3)/ No error (4) Answer Answer : (4) No error Question 2: There is (1)/ only one of his novels (2)/ that are interesting (3)/. No error (4). Answer Answer : (3) is will replace are because – when a Plural Noun is placed with a Singular Subject (one, each, etc.) with of, the Verb will be Singular. Look at the example given below : Only one of his employees is sincere at work. Only one of his students is awarded the ‘Scholar award’. Hence, that is interesting is the right usage. Question 3: The hockey match (1)/ between India and Pakistan (2)/ was much exci
All Blog Posts

pneumatic comparator and solex pneumatic comparator

Image
Principle of pneumatic comparator The measurement is made by taking reading using master gauge of known accuracy and comparing with component reading It uses a controlled, pressurised jet of air to measure small dimensional variation in the size of component The working principle of pneumatic comparator depends on the flow of air between the gauge head and the component being checked Important characteristics Very high magnifications are possible It can be used to measure diameters, length, squareness, parallelisms, concentricity,taper, and other geometric conditions. Internal dimensions can be readily measured , in other words, while measuring a bore it can reveal complete details of size, taper, straightness,camber and bell mouth etc. It is independent of the operator skill High pressure air gauging can be done by cleaning the parts which helps to eliminate errors due to dirt and foreign matter. As there is no physical contact made either with the setting gauge (or)
All Blog Posts

interferometer and interferometry

Image
Interferometer Interferometer is an optical device used for measuring flatness of a surface and also for determining the thickness of slip gauges. It is an extension of the application of optical flat. Interferometers are based upon the principle of “ interference “ and employ wavelength of light as their measuring units. The interferometers make use of beam divider that splits an incoming ray into two parts. These two parts of the ray travel along different paths until they are recombined, usually in the same beam divider. An interferometer is an optical device which utilizes the effect of interference. Typically, it starts with some input beam, splits it into two separate beams with some kind of beam splitter (a partially transmissive mirror), possibly exposes some of these beams to some external influences (e.g. some length changes or refractive index changes in a transparent medium), and recombines the beams on another beam splitter. The power or the spatial shape of the resulti
All Blog Posts