Thermodynamics and Thermodynamic System



Thermodynamics


        Thermodynamics is the science, which deals with the relations between heat, work and those properties of substances which are connected with heat and work.

Applications Of Thermodynamics

  • In automobile engines heat energy of fuel is converted into work energy which drives the vehicles.
  • Conversion of heat into work depends on the principles of thermodynamics.
  • The working of rocket and jet engines depends on the             principles of thermodynamics.
  • Refrigeration and air conditioning is used to maintain required temperature.

Thermodynamic System

  • Thermodynamic system or simply system is a region in space containing a certain quantity of matter upon whih attention is focused for study.
  • This system may be quantity of steam, mixture of     vapour and gas or an I.C engine cylinder and its     contents.
  •   System is enclosed by a boundary. Boundary        separates the system from the surroundings.      
  • The boundary may be real or imaginary, fixed or  movable.Any thing outside the boundaries is called its surroundings


Types



                 Closed system


•   The system is called closed system if only the heat and
       work energy are transferred across the boundaries of
        the system.

•The mass content of the system remains same

Gas in the cylinder is an example of closed system




Thermodynamic systems engineeringdev



Open System

•   The system is called open system if both mass and
       energy transfer across the system boundary.

•    In the open system matter crosses the boundary of the
      system.

•    Heat and work also cross the boundary
 
•    Motor driven compressor is an example of open   
     system


                 Isolated System

1. If the boundary of the system does not allow the matter or the energy to flow into or out of the system, then it is known as isolated system.
2. An isolated system is one which completely unaffected by the surrounding.
3. It is of fixed mass and no heat or work crosses the boundary of system

4. Thermodynamic universe is the example of an isolated system


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